Centrifugal liquid-separator



(No Model.) 7 Y 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. v C. A. BAOKSTROM.

GENTRIPUGAL LIQUID SEPARATOR.

No. 368,047. (q Patented Aug. 9, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

O. AXEL BAGKSTROM, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BACK- STROM OENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR COMPANY, OF NEV JERSEY.

SPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 368,047, dated August 9, 1887.

Application filed March 2, 1887.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, O. AXEL BAOKSTROM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Trenton, in the county of Mercer, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Liquid-Separators, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to centrifugal liquid-separators, and among the objects of the invention are to construct a machine so that it may be supported from a point above, and while so supported may automatically, when I 5 in operation, assume its true center of gravity and the bowl thereof find and retain its true center of motion. The construction of the framework, the devices for suspending the same, the form of the bowl, the devices for ro- 2o tatively supporting the same, and suitable supply and delivery devices for the liquid to be separated and for its separated constituents are matters also included in the object of the invention.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

My invention is applicable to all centrifuga 3o liquid-separators, and to a use thereof in separating all liquids semi-liquids, and other substances made up of constituents having different degrees of specific gravity, and which are capable of separation by the employment of 3 5 centrifugal force. In this instanceIshall illustrate the mode of operation of my invention in a description of its use in the separation of cream from milk, but, as before indicated, I do not limit the invention to any particular .0 use thereof.

Referring to the drawings, Figurel is aside elevation, Fig. 2 a central vertical section, Fig. 3 a horizontal section on the line X X of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 a plan, ofa centrifugal liq- 5 uid-separator embodying my invention.

Like letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

A represents a frame-work, which consists of a main portion, which is oblong and provided at the center of one side with a hub or Serial No. 220,426. (No model.)

boss, A, for the'reeeption of a bowl-supporting step or stud, B, and at its opposite side said frame-work is extended in open form and provided with a boss, A", for the reception of a fixed non-rotative shaft, 0. Each of the portions of the frame-work constituting the open extension is provided with a boss or hub, A, which is countersunk, as at A", for the reception of a bearing pin, screw, or bolt, Aflwhich is mounted in the ring D.

E is a yoke, which, by pivot pins, screws, or bolts E, is pivotally connected to the ring D at points diametrically opposite each other and midway between the pivots A in the ring D. The yoke and the ring constitute, when in operation, the well known concentric ring or compass support,which, when the yoke is supported by the swivel-hook E permits of an oscillation or movement of the frame A in all directions, so that it and the parts mounted therein will, as a whole, naturally assume a position agreeing with the center of gravity of the entire structure.

F represents the bowl of the machine, and in this instance it is formed with an opening in its bottom which embraces the stud B. It is also provided with an upper annular supply-chamber, F, and a lower annular chamber, F Above and upon the upper annular chamber there is formed a hub, F which embraces and takes bearing upon the nonrotat-ive shaft 0.

Within the bowl and depending from the center thereof is a convex ended hard steel or other suitable pin, G, which supports the bowl by resting upon a similar pin, G, seated in the bottom of an oil-cup, B, formed on the 'upper end of the stud B. A pulley, H, is mounted for rotation upon the stationary shaft 0, and has at one end aclutch-lug, H, (see Fig, 1,) which takes into a notch, H", formed in the upper edge of the hub of the drum, whereby the pulley may be disconnected from the drum by moving the former vertically upon the shaft 0. An oil-cup, 0, formed in the top of the 5 shaft, serves the purpose of storing a lubricant, which is conducted to the bearings of the pulley and bowl through a groove, 0'. A milksupply-conducting passage, 0 is formed in the stationary shaft and communicates with the supply-chamber F of the bowl. The bowl F is in this instance provided with a series of vertical blades with or without annular shelves, and one, F", of which blades is imperforate, while the remaining blades of the series are provided with ports which permit of the pas sage of a liquid to be separated from one to the other of the compartments formed by the blades. v

A detailed description of the construction and arrangement of the blades and shelves may be found by reference to United States patents granted me, and dated December 28, 1886, and numbered 355,05) and 355,050.

Asupply-pipc, h, (see dotted lines, Fig. 2,) extends from the annular chamber 1 and into the bowl and near its inner periphery, and a discharge-pipe, F, is arranged at an opposite side of the imperforate blade F and extends from said inner periphery to the annular chamber F". The step or stud l3 isbored longitudt nally to form delivcry- )assages l) B, the lat ter being shown by dotted lines, Fig. 2. Lat oral passages 13 are formed at the upper ends of the passages 13 B, respectively, and through projections B B formed on or attached to the stud. At ornear the lower ends of the passages If B there are formed lateral passages B :3, which communicate with discharge-pipes B B, each having a controlling valve, I J, respectively. The stud 13 projects through and below the frame A, as clearly shown, whereby the controlling-valves on the discharge-pipes are readily accessible.

' A machine of the class described, which is constructed substantially as above detailed, will secure the principal and subsidiary objecls of my invention, and its operation will be substantially as follows: A belt running from any prime motor and in connection with the pulley II will, when said pulley has con nection with the bowl, as described, cause the bowl to rotate while supported on the pins G T and take a bearing upon the non-rotative shaft 0. A suitable supply of liquid to be separated into its constituents-for exanr ple, 1nilk-is introduced through the passage 0 from any suitable tank,and said supply, being controlled, if desired, by a valve arranged in the pipe leading from the tankfor example, as shown by dotted lines, Fig. 2-will be delivered from the chamber 1 through the pipe F into the bowl at one side of the imporforate blade. After passing around the bowl the milk, when it arrives at the opposite side of said blade, will pass through the pipe Finto the annular chamber F. The cream, which naturally collects in an annular body nearer the center of motion, will be discharged from themachinc by means of the projection B and the passage B therein, together with the communicating-passages B B" and the dischargepipe B The skimmed milk will in like manner be conducted from the annular compartment of the bowl by means of the projection B and the passages 13313 13" and dischargepipe 13.

I have discovered that by controlling the delivery of the constituents after they have been separated from each. other I can. determine their charactcr or quality. 3y permitting a perfectly free discharge of the heavier constituent, and, if desired, a ratherincrcased quantity of the same over and above its normal proportion, I can control the quality of the lighter constituent, so as to render itmorc or less free from the presence of any of the heavier constituents. S0,.also, by a proper control of the discharge of both constituents I can vary the quality of each, in that each will be more or less impregnated with the other. It is essential in such a control ofthe delivery of the constituents that the delivery devices shallhave a continuous unbroken c0mmunication and shall extend from the points within the bowl at which the separate constituents naturally collect during the operation of the machine to points outside of the bowl, and it is also essentiai that such delivering devices shall be fixed as compared with the bowl, which is movable, in order that the specified control can be exercised while the machineis in operation.

I do not herein broadly claim the delivery devices per sn, as the same are described, shown, and claimed in a companion applica' tion pending herewith.

To resume the operation of the machine, it wiil be seen that the cream will be conducted from the machine through the passages communicating with the discharge-pipe 13", while the milk will be conducted through the passages communicating with the discharge-pipe B, and that the quantity of each constituent discharged may be readily controlled by the valves I and .I, respcctivcl y, while the machine is in operation.

It is apparent that the bowl F may be supported rotatably upon the non-rotative shaft 0 by means of any suitable burr or nut, K, or its equivalent, arranged at the lower end of the shaft so as to bear upon the upper inner surface of the annular chamber F, as shown by dotted lines, Fig. 2. In such case the bottom of said annular chamber would be removably secured by screw-tl'lreading, as shown at L, or otherwise, and the upper end of the stud Bv would be removed, so that the supportingpins G i and oil-cup I3 would be dispensed with.

So far as the framework and the manner of connecting the bowl with the same are concerned, it is apparent that the interior construction of the bowl and the delivery devices employed. therewith may be essentially different from those shown and described, and I therefore do not limit my invention in these particulars.

iVhat I claim is 1. The combination, with the separatingbowl of a centrifugal machine having a depending rcceptacle and a discharge-pipe communicating therewith and with the interior of the bowl, of a non-rotative stud projecting IFO upwardly into the bowl and bored to form delivery-passages, one of which communicates with the depending receptacle and the other with the interior of the 'bowl, and each provided with a controlling valve or cook substantially as specified.

2. In a centrifugal machine, a bowl provided with an iinperforate blade, an upper supplychamber and a pipe projecting therefrom at one side of said blade, and a lower'dischargereceptacle and a pipc projecting within the bowl and at an opposite side of said blade, and a non-rotative stud or step bored to form discharge-passages, one of which communicates with the interior of the bowl and the other with the dischargereceptacle, substantially as specified.

3. In a centrifugal machine, a bowl provided with an imperforate blade, an upper supplychamber and a pipe projecting therefrom at one side of said blade, and a lower dischargereoeptacle and a pipe projecting withinthe bowl at an opposite side of said blade, and a non-rotative stud or step bored to form discharge-passages, one of which communicates with the interior of the bowl and the other with the discharge-receptacle, and each provided with a'controlling cock or valve, substantially as specified;

4. The combination, with the bowl of a centrifugal machine, of a frame-work having a non-rotatable shaft and a non-rotatable stud or step, each arranged in line with the other, the bowl supported for rotation upon the shaft, and concentric rings, substantially as specified.

5. In a centrifugal machine, and in combination with the bowl thereof, a stationary bowl-supporting stud provided with dischargepassages communicating with the interior portions of the 'bowl, and provided with controlling valves or cocks secured in the stud to communicate with the passages thereof, and

O. AXEL BACKSTROIW.

\Vitnesses;

E. B. STOCKING, W. S. DUVALL. 

